• The video clip to the right (click on the image to run the video) describes the  engine experimental setup for the so-called "Interacting Sprays Injection System" sponsored by the General Motors.  The work is  to  explore the potential for simultaneous reduction of NOx and Soot in diesel engines through  an innovative interacting/ impinging sprays concept.  This design, first proposed by Dr Chehroudi for diesel engines, was inspired by his work on impinging jets in liquid rocket engines such as Apollo Project.  For more on impinging jets in rockets see "Comprehensive Review of Liquid Propellant Combustion Instabilities in F-1 Engines"  or "Recent Experimental Efforts on High-Pressure Supercritical Injection for Liquid Rockets and Their Implications."

• The video to the right (click on the image to run the video) describes details of the components used and their interconnections for the Interacting-Sprays Injection systems.  (described by Dr. Ken Sinko).

• This video (click on the right  image to run the video) describes some of the results acquired from a single-cylinder visualization engine showing laser induced visualization of the spray injected into the combustion chamber.

• This video (click on the right  image to run the video) shows some more details of the test engine setup and actual operation of the engine in order to acquire data from fuel sprays interacting  inside of the engine. Towards the end of the video one can hear the sound of  fuel/air autoignition in this diesel engine  under the skip-fire operating mode.

• This video clip (click on the right  image to run the video) shows a test setup of a single-cylinder small  two -stroke  gasoline-fueled engine on a small dynamometer. The engine head is equipped with a pressure transducer to provide traces for combustion signature diagnostics. In this case, a one-zone model is used to calculate the heat release rate and mass fraction burned information to understand the combustion characteristics of this engine.

• This video clip (click on the right  image to run the video) describes a small engine test setup showing a dynamometer along with necessary piping system  for the intake and exhaust as well as measurement systems needed for air and fuel flows rates into the engine/
  
  Results have been published in  the literature. For example, see Rohrer, R. and Chehroudi B., 1993. Preliminary Heat Release Analysis in a Single-Cylinder Two-Stroke Production Engine, Society of Automotive Engineers, 1993 Congress and Exposition, SAE Transaction Paper 930431, March 1-5.

• This video clip (click on the right  image to run the video) is about a single-cylinder optically-accessible research engine  setup for measurements of intake flow dynamics using Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV).  A unique rotating mechanism was designed for convenient and rapid measurements of the velocity vectors at sufficiently large number of points at the plane through which flow just enters the cylinder.

• This video clip (click on the right  image to run the video) shows operation of an engine for intake port flow measurements using Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV).  The entire transmitting optics are on a lathe machine base to enable precise  XYZ traverse for easy optical alignment/measurement purposes as well as achieving convenient rotation of  portion of the transmitting optics along the engine axis for rapid  intake port flow measurements (engine was under two-stroke operation).  The person in the image is Konstantinos Boulouchos who was a visiting researcher to the laboratory (currently a professor at the ETH Zurich, Switzerland).
  
  Results have been published in the literature. For example, see Bardsley, M. E. A., Boulouchos, K., Gajdeczko, B., Chehroudi, B., and Bracco, F. V., 1989. Measurements of the Three Components of the Velocity in the Intake Ports of an I. C. Engine, Society of Automotive Engineers, 1989 Congress and Exposition, SAE Transaction Paper 890742, February 27 - March 3.

• This video clip (click on the right  image to run the video)  shows more details of the test setup for  laser diagnostics in single-cylinder optically-accessible research engine.

• This video (click on the right  image to run the video) shows vector plots of the velocity field  for an inlet port at the plane where the flow just enters the cylinder. The movies show three perpendicular views for the velocity vectors at the aforementioned measurement plane.  For 3D visualization of velocity vectors click here: 3D_Vel_Vector_Animation.

• The images to the right show  an optically accessible engine for combustion and flow studies using laser diagnostics such as Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV), Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA, Exciplex method, high-speed visualization of in-cylinder phenomena, and spectroscopy. The engine head can be readily  changed for either  compression ignition (diesel) or spark ignition (SI) engine studies.
  
  Results have been published in  the literature. For example, see Schuh, D. and Chehroudi, B., 1992. LDV Measurements of Intake Port Flow in Two-Stroke Engine with and without Combustion, Society of Automotive Engineers, 1992 Congress and Exposition, SAE Transaction Paper 920424, February 24-28.

• The image to the right shows an schematic diagram of the high-pressure high-temperature closed-loop spray chamber for liquid atomization  and spray characterization studies.

• This video (click on the right  image to run the video) shows details of the high-pressure and high-temperature spray chamber for liquid atomization and fuel injection studies. The chamber has four large-sized quartz windows providing access at  intervals of 90 degree angle. The chamber can be operated under steady-state condition for several hours. 

• The images to the right show  a high-pressure and high-temperature spray chamber  with optical access  through four large quartz widows. The system is operated under closed loop arrangement and one can perform tests on steady-state or transient sprays continuously and for several hours.

• The images show  views of the high-pressure and high-temperature spray chamber. The gentlemen in the upper left corners are Phil Felton and Will Bachalo (Dr Bachalo is the inventor of the Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA)). The setup was to test  the first prototype of the PDPA  under the high pressure and temperature using a dense diesel-type spray from a single-hole nozzle at high injection pressures. More images of the sprays chamber are given below.

• Images of the high-pressure and temperature spray chamber for liquid atomization and fuel injection  research and development are presented here.

• Sample images acquired from a diesel-type spray (upper row) and conically-opening poppet injector designed for Direct Injection Stratified Combustion (DISC engine program) combustion studies are shown. The DISC program was a collaboration by General Motors Research Laboratory, Princeton University Engine Research Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Sandia Combustion Research Facility sponsored the US Department of Energy (DOE).

• Images of the high-pressure and temperature spray chamber for liquid atomization and fuel injection  research and development are shown. The pictures show a  setup for laser optical diagnostics to map spray droplet size and velocity  fields.  In the movie clip,  a setup for transient spray characterization of  a gasoline direct injection system by Ford DFI-3 using a diffraction-based drop size distribution (by Malvern) can be seen.
  
  Results are published in the literature. For example, see Laforgia, D, Chehroudi B. and Bracco, F. V., 1989. Structure of Sprays from Fuel Injections - Part II, The Ford DFI-3 Fuel Injector, Society of Automotive Engineers, 1988 Congress and Exposition, SAE Transaction Paper 890313, February 27- March 3.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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